By Donald H. Harrison

CARLSBAD, Calif—Although Leo Carrillo had become a fairly well known star on Broadway, it wasn't until after Sam Warner talked him into becoming a movie actor that his fame became international. With earnings from the movies, Carrillo was able to purchase in 1937 a large ranch in the hills of Carlsbad where he brought back to life the romantic traditions pioneered in Spanish and Mexican California by his own ancestors.

As Carrillo told it in 1961 in The California I Love, which sadly was still at the printer's when he died, he had been appearing on Broadway when a company called "Vitaphone" told him they were making four experimental films with sound tracks to see how the public would react.  He wrote:

"The four attractions which were signed up for the first little short films were Gigli of the Metropolitan Opera Company, a black-faced comedian named Al Jolson, the Howard Brothers who sang, and myself.  My fee was to be $2,750 for the day. But there was a slight difficulty.  Sam Warner said to me, 'We haven't got much money so would you take your pay in stock at 25 cents a share?'  'No,' I replied, 'I'd rather have the money because I am planning to go back to California one of these days and I want to invest out there.'  Al Jolson was more reasonable.  He took the stock. It went up to $400 a share soon afterwards when he did The Jazz Singer, the first major talkie.  I guessed wrong that time!"

The ten years between the advent of Jolson's singing Kol Nidre in the Jazz Singer and Carrillo's purchase of the ranch from longtime San Diego County resident Charles Kelly were filled with movies and friendships with some of cinema's biggest stars, among them Clark Gable and Carole Lombard, who vacationed on the ranch. Kelly had  named his 1,700-acre spread Rancho de los Kiotes after the "Spanish dagger" plant that grew on its grounds, but Carrillo changed the latter part of the name to the more traditional Spanish spelling of Los Quiotes and purchased an additional 800 acres of adjoining land.

Other close friends of Carrillo were humorist Will Rogers, with whom he started in vaudeville, and writer Irvin S. Cobb.  From 
the movies, he transitioned again to television, becoming famous to a generation of children as the
Spanish Dagger—Los Quiotes

 paunchy sidekick Pancho in the syndicated Ziv Productions television series, "The Cisco Kid," starring Duncan Renaldo.  Carrillo was already in his late 60s and early 70s during the six seasons he played the humorous Pancho who mangled the English language and loved nothing more than eating.  Cisco Kid was created by the humorist O'Henry, as an American West counterpart of Don Quixote, coincidentally the hero of the first book Carrillo ever read. The Cisco Kid shot guns out of villains' hands, but typically eschewed violence.     
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
Mementos of Carrillo's early stage years can be found at a 27-acre remnant of his ranch that the City of Carlsbad's recreation department operates as the Leo Carrillo Ranch Historic Park. Inside the main hacienda, Carrillo is seen at the far right of  a photograph along with Harry Houdini, Fred Stone, Eddie Foy, Louis Mann, E. F. Albee and Will Rogers at the opening of the E.F. Albee Art Museum and Theatre in Brooklyn.

Sam Warner, Al Jolson and Harry Houdini all provided Jewish strands for the tapestry of Carrillo's life, which, off camera,  he devoted to the preservation of California landmarks and to the dissemination of knowledge about California's colorful past.  Carrillo, who served on California's beach and parks commission, was instrumental to the successful preservation efforts for the Hearst Castle at San Simeon, the Los Angeles Arboretum, and Mexican-style Olvera Street, located near his childhood home in Los Angeles.

His family literally was among the first European settlers in California. His great-great grandfather José Raimundo Carrillo (pronounced "Cay-reel-yo" by the actor) a leather-jacketed soldier accompanying Father Junipero Serra and General Gaspar de Portola on the trek in 1769 which established the mission system in what then was known as Alta California.

Our guide at the ranch, Charles Balteria, filled us in on the rest of the family's genealogy:  Carrillo's great grandfather, Carlos Antonio, briefly served as a provisional governor of California; the actor's grandfather was a judge, and his father served as chief of police of Los Angeles in the late 19th century.  

With such a lineage, you might think Carrillo was born to wealth, but in fact his was a working class family.  From downtown Los Angeles they moved to Santa Monica to farm and fish, and Carrillo worked briefly for the railroads. He found his way up to San Francisco where he worked as a cartoonist for the Examiner.  His impromptu  impersonations and performances prompted colleagues to urge him to try out for the stage; a career move that led to vaudeville in New York (telling dialect stories about Mexicans, Japanese, Chinese, and Italians), and eventually onto the legitimate stage.

After returning to California, Carrillo had his main home in Santa Monica, but the ranch was his getaway home—the place where he could indulge his love of California history.

Carrillo emblazoned his flying LC brand not only on 600 head of cattle at the ranch but also on fireplace mantles, gates, pavings and chimneys.  When the City of Carlsbad took over the property in 2003 (it was donated as a park by the owners of a nearby housing development), the insignia was added to various items that can be seen around the ranch, even garbage cans.

Balteria and recreation leader Tiffan Chilcott led visiting cousin from Louisville, Harry Jacobson-Beyer, and me, along with others, on a tour that took us from the small home that was used by the overseer (now the visitor's center) along a path lined with spineless cactus, which horticulturalist Luther Burbank developed in the hope of creating an easily replenished source of feed for cattle.  The problem, said Balteria, was that the cattle didn't like the taste and if they ate too much of it they got diarrhea.  But Carrillo liked the look and safety of them, so had them planted all over. The ranch house looks like an old U-shaped Mexican hacienda, but that required some doing.  Kelly had added a second story and some pillars to the adobe house  found on his property. After purchasing it, Carrillo had workers take down the second 

Ouchless cactus—Harry Jacobson-Beyer puts 
his hand on spineless cactus at  Carrillo ranch. 

story and the pillars, gut the insides of the first floor, and then recreate it as the salon, dining room, kitchen complex.  To that he had them add bedroom wings on either side of the old building to give the ranch the appearance of yesteryear.  His wife furnished the house with antiques, such as might have been brought to California from Boston by clipper ship.  But one bedroom—the horseman's bedroom where Gable and Lombard stayed—has a western motif where, guide Balteria pointed out, there were "stirrups on the mirrors, spurs on the door handles, and a rawhide saddle as a desk chair."

The kitchen had gleaming stainless steel counters suitable for the entertaining that Carrillo liked to do for his friends from Hollywood.  At one memorable party, Carrillo hosted 200 actors from the Lambs Players.  Edith, a New Yorker who was a bit shy around the Hollywood crowd, had a small cottage up a hill from the property where she could retreat into privacy and work as an artist.  She also was a collector of Indian artifacts.  Their adopted daughter, Marie Antoinette (Toni), loved the party life, and as Mrs. Frank Delpy continued the tradition at Rancho de los Quiotes until she sold the last piece of it in the 1970s. 

Besides the house itself, there is a three-story stable, built on a hill.  In the lower level were stalls for Carrillo's horses, including Conquistador, a Palomino that he rode in parades and in mounted processions from rancho to rancho in which people could donate to charity for the opportunity to ride with him and other celebrities. 

Conquistador, his favorite horse, is buried somewhere on the property, but the cross that once stood atop the grave has been removed to prevent anyone from locating and disturbing the remains.  The second floor of the barn is for hay and feed storage, and the third level is a bunk room for the vaqueros who worked the ranch.  Sometimes some of Carrillo's Hollywood friends would sleep in the bunkhouse, but often, if there were no room in the main house, they would pitch a tent or drive a trailer onto the grounds.

A big beautiful brick barbecue situated near the swimming pool was a perfect setting for afternoons stretching into evenings with guitar music, and heaping portions of barbecued carne, under the California sun and later its stars. One can imagine, at some of the smaller get-togethers, Carrillo telling his guests stories passed down by his ancestors about early California.  His stories occasionally may have been punctuated by the lulling of cattle or by the shrill call of peacocks, whose descendants continue to stroll fearlessly wherever on the ranch they care to go.

To raise funds, the Leo Carrillo Ranch sells his book for $95 a copy, but if people want a less expensive way to read the actor's warm, nostalgic, and thoroughly enjoyable stories, copies of The California I Love always can be found in local public libraries. Several days before taking the tour, I had checked out a copy from the downtown San Diego Public Library.

Today the ranch once owned by the actor and preservationist is itself listed as California Historic Monument 1020. A plaque placed August 6, 1996, is a fine tribute to this son of California.  It reads: "Between 1937 and 1940, these adobe and wood buildings were built by actor Leo Carrillo as a retreat, working ranch, and tribute to old California culture and architecture.  The Leo Carrillo Ranch, with its flying 'lc' brand, originally covered 2,538 acres and was frequented by Carrillo and his friends until 1960. Leo Carrillo was a strong, positive, and well-loved role model who sought to celebrate California's early Spanish heritage through a life of good deeds and charitable causes."